Unit 4 – Structure of Molecules (Long Questions)

Q.1 What is an ionic bond? Discuss the formation of ionic bond between sodium and chlorine atoms?
Q.2 How can you justify that bond strength in polar covalent compounds is comparable to that of ionic compound?
Q.3 What type of covalent bonds are formed between hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen? Explain their bonding with dot and cross model.
Q.4 How a covalent bond develops ionic character in it? Explain.
Q.5 Explain the types of covalent bonds with at least one example of each type.
Q.6 How a coordinate covalent bond is formed? Explain with examples?
Q.7 What is metallic bonds? Explain the metallic bonding with the help of a diagram.
Q.8 Define hydrogen bonding. Explain that how these forces affect the physical properties of compounds.
Q.9 What are intermolecular forces? Compare these forces with chemical bond forces with reference to HCI molecule?
Q.10 What is a chemical bond and why do atoms form a chemical bond?
Q.11 What is octet rule? Why do atoms always struggle to attaint be nearest noble gas electronic configuration?

Q.1 What is an ionic bond? Discuss the formation of ionic bond between sodium and chlorine atoms?
Answer:
Ionic Bond:
The type of Chemical bond which is formed due to the complete transfer of an electron from one atom to another atom is called an ionic bond.
OR
The electrostatic force of attraction between positive and negative ions is called an ionic bond.
Explanation:
If the difference of electronegativity between two elements is more than 1.7 the bond between them will be a permanently ionic bond. The elements of Group-1 and Group-2 being metals have the tendency to lose their valence electrons forming positively charged ions whereas non-metals of Group-15 to Group-17 have a tendency to gain or accept electrons. They are electronegative elements with high electron affinities. If atoms belonging to these two different groups, metals and non-metals, are allowed to react and chemical bond is formed. Conditions of ionic bond formation:
i. It is to be noted that only valence shell electrons take part in this type of bonding while other electrons are not involved.
ii. In such type of reaction, heat is usually given out.
iii. The compounds formed due to this type of bonding are called ionic compounds.
Example: (Formation of sodium chloride, NaCl)
The formation of NaCl is a good example of this type of bond.
2Na_(s) + Cl

Q.2 How can you justify that bond strength in polar covalent compounds is comparable to that of ionic compound?
Answer:

Q.3 What type of covalent bonds are formed between hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen? Explain their bonding with dot and cross model.
Answer:

Q.4 How a covalent bond develops ionic character in it? Explain.
Answer:

Q.5 Explain the types of covalent bonds with at least one example of each type.
Answer:

Q.6 How a coordinate covalent bond is formed? Explain with examples?
Answer:

Q.7 What is metallic bonds? Explain the metallic bonding with the help of a diagram.
Answer:

Q.8 Define hydrogen bonding. Explain that how these forces affect the physical properties of compounds.
Answer:

Q.9 What are intermolecular forces? Compare these forces with chemical bond forces with reference to HCI molecule?
Answer:

Q.10 What is a chemical bond and why do atoms form a chemical bond?
Answer:

Q.11 What is octet rule? Why do atoms always struggle to attaint be nearest noble gas electronic configuration?
Answer: