{"id":1990,"date":"2020-10-18T15:31:44","date_gmt":"2020-10-18T10:31:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/physics10\/?p=1990"},"modified":"2020-10-18T15:59:54","modified_gmt":"2020-10-18T10:59:54","slug":"physics-10-chapter17-lq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/physics10\/physics-10-chapter17-lq\/","title":{"rendered":"Physics 10 Chapter17-lq"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a>Chapter 17 Information and Communication Technology<\/strong> \u00a0(Long Questions)<\/h2>\n

17.1. What is difference between data and information?<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.2. What do you understand by Information and Communication Technology (ICT)?<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.3. What are the components of information technology? Clearly indicate the function of each component.<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.4. Differentiate between the primary memory and the secondary memory.<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.5. Name different information storage devices and describe their uses.<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.6. Explain briefly the transmission of radio waves through space.<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.7. How light signals are sent through optical fiber?<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.8. What is computer? What is the role of computer in everyday life?<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.9. What is the difference between hardware and software? Name different software.<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.10. What do you understand by the term word processing and data managing?<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.11. What is Internet? Internet is a useful source of knowledge and information. Discuss.<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.12. Discuss the role of information technology in school education.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS<\/strong>
\n17.1. Why optical fiber is more useful tool for the communication process?<\/a><\/strong>
\n17.2. Which is more reliable floppy disk or a hard disk?<\/a><\/strong>
\n<\/a>17.3. What is the difference between RAM and ROM memories?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

17.1. What is difference between data and information?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ans. Data:<\/strong>\u00a0 Data is raw information in the form of figures, alphabet, or graphics.
\nInformation:<\/strong> Information is a processed data on some logical operations that can be used for useful purposes.<\/a><\/p>\n

17.2. What do you understand by Information and Communication Technology (ICT)?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ans. Information and Communication Technology (ICT):<\/strong><\/p>\n

Information and communication technology is electronic based system which deals with scientific methods and means to store and process vast amount of information in seconds and of telecommunication to transmit it almost instantaneously.<\/p>\n

It is combination of two fields, namely “Information Technology” (IT)\u00a0 and “Communication Technology” (CT).<\/a><\/p>\n

17.3. What are the components of information technology? Clearly indicate the function of each component.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ans. An information system is described as having five components.<\/p>\n

1. Computer hardware<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n

Computer hardware<\/b>\u00a0includes the physical parts of a\u00a0computer, such as the case, central processing unit (CPU), monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. Hardware\u00a0is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

2. Computer software<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n

Software is a program that enables a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). This includes application software such as a word processor, which enables a user to perform a task, and system software such as an operating system, which enables other software to run properly, by interfacing with hardware and with other software.<\/p>\n

3. Telecommunications<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n

This component connects the hardware together to form a network. Connections can be through wires, such as Ethernet cables or\u00a0fibre optics, or wireless, such as through\u00a0Wi-Fi. A network can be designed to tie together computers in a specific area, such as an office or a school, through a local area network (LAN). If computers are more dispersed, the network is called a wide area network (WAN). The\u00a0Internet\u00a0itself can be considered a network of networks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

4. Databases and data warehouses<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n

This component is where the \u201cmaterial\u201d that the other components work with resides. A\u00a0database\u00a0is a place where data is collected and from which it can be retrieved by querying it using one or more specific criteria. A data warehouse contains all of the data in whatever form that an organization needs. Databases and data warehouses have assumed even greater importance in information systems with the emergence of \u201cbig data,\u201d a term for the truly massive amounts of data that can be collected and analyzed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

5. Human resources and procedures<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n

The final, and possibly most important, component of information systems is the human element: the people that are needed to run the system and the procedures they follow so that the knowledge in the huge databases and data warehouses can be turned into learning that can interpret what has happened in the past and guide future action.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

17.4. Differentiate between the primary memory and the secondary memory.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ans. Primary Memory:<\/strong> It is based on electronics and consists of integrated circuits (ICs). It is Random Access Memory (RAM). It vanishes when the computer is switched off.<\/p>\n

Secondary Storage Devices:<\/strong> The data stored devices are generally the secondary memory of the computer. It is used to store data permanently in the computer. When we open a program data is moved from the secondary storage into the primary storage.<\/a><\/p>\n

17.5. Name different information storage devices and describe their uses.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ans. A\u00a0storage device<\/strong>\u00a0is a piece of computer hardware used for saving, carrying and pulling out data.\u00a0 It can keep and retain information short-term or long-term.\u00a0 It can be a device inside or outside a computer or server.\u00a0 Other terms for storage device is storage medium or storage media.
\nA storage device is one of the basic elements of any computer device.\u00a0 It almost saves all data and applications in a computer except for hardware firmware.\u00a0 It comes in different shapes and sizes depending on the needs and functionalities.<\/p>\n

Types of Storage Devices<\/span><\/h2>\n

There are two different types of storage devices:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\nPrimary Storage Device<\/strong><\/th>\nSecondary Storage Device<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Size<\/td>\nSmaller<\/td>\nLarger<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Data Retention<\/td>\nTemporary<\/td>\nPermanent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Location<\/td>\nInternal<\/td>\nInternal \/ External<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Examples<\/td>\nRAM, Cache Memory<\/td>\nHard disk, Compact Disk Drive, USB storage device<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Examples of Storage Device<\/span><\/h2>\n