Unit 7 – Bioenergetics (Short Questions)
Q.2. Give two examples of major redox reactions occurring in living organisms.
Q.3. Why A TP is the cell’s energy currency?
Q.4. Why Chlorophyll is essential to carry out photosynthesis?
Q.5. Give the types of Respiration.
Q.6. Differentiate Cellular Respiration and External respiration.
Q.7. Where does Glycolysis takes place?
Q.8. Who discovered Kreb Cycle?
Q.9. What are the main steps of Anaerobic Respiration?
Q.1O. Differentiate Alcoholic and Lactic acid fermentations?
Q.11. Who was the Nobel Prize Winner for working on Dark reactions of photosynthesis?
Q.12. What are the two stages of Photosynthesis?
Q.1. Define Bioenergetics.
Answer:
It is defined as the energy transformations (i.e., chemical to kinetic. kinetic to potential, potential to heat energy etc) and energy relationships in living organisms (e.g. animals get energy from plants, and plants make their own food for getting energy by the help of sun energy etc).
Q.2. Give two examples of major redox reactions occurring in living organisms.
Answer:
Photosynthesis and Respiration.
Q.3. Why A TP is the cell’s energy currency?
Answer:
Because it stores chemical energy in its phosphate bonds & its hydrolysis (i.e. removal of phosphate groups) results in immediate source of kinetic energy available to drive any metabolic process. Each phosphate bond store about 7.3 Kcal/mole.
Q.4. Why Chlorophyll is essential to carry out photosynthesis?
Answer:
Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight energy, which plants convert into chemical energy to carry out Photosynthesis.
Q.5: Give the types of Respiration.
Answer:
Mainly the respiration can be divided into two classes on the basis of availability of oxygen.
i. Aerobic Respiration (Requiring oxygen)
ii. Anaerobic Respiration (Not requiring O2)
a- Alcoholic Fermentation
b- Lactic acid fermentation
Q.6. Differentiate Cellular Respiration and External respiration.
Answer:
External Respiration
It is simply the process of breathing or ventilation.
Cellular Respiration:
It is characterized by oxidation of food by oxygen whereas it redacts itself into water.
Q.7. Where does Glycolysis takes place?
Answer:
It is carried out in the cytoplasm of cell.
Q.8. Who discovered Kreb Cycle?
Answer:
A British biochemist Sir Hans Kreb discovered it.
Q.9. What are the main steps of Anaerobic Respiration?
Answer:
1- Glycolysis
2- Kreb cycle
3- Electron Transport chain
Q.1O. Differentiate Alcoholic and Lactic acid fermentations?
Answer:
| Alcoholic Fermentation | Lactic acid Fermentation |
| It occurs in anaerobic condition in bacteria. | It occurs in anaerobic conditions in humans. |
| In this, Pyruvic acid is hydrolysed into alcohol. | In this the product of Pyruvic acid breakdown is lactic acid. |
Q.11. Who was the Nobel Prize Winner for working on Dark reactions of photosynthesis?
Answer:
Calvin ( 1961).
Q.12. What are the two stages of Photosynthesis?
Answer:
i. Light Reactions, in which sun energy IS converted into chemical energy by plants.
ii. Dark Reactions in which chemical energy IS used to synthesize food (Glucose) by plants.