Unit 2 – Solving A Biological Problem (Short Questions)
Q.1. What is a biological method? Give its importance.
Q.2. Enlist the main steps involved in solving a biological problem.
Q.3. How the observations are made?
Q.4. What is a hypothesis? Give characteristics of a good hypothesis.
Q.5. Give some important observations of A. F. A. king about malaria.
Q.6. Why the female mosquito injects saliva into the body of its host?
Q.7. How theories are made in biology?
Q.8. What is Bioinformatics and computational biology?
Q.1.What is a biological method? Give its importance.
Answer:
Biological method is the scientific method, by which the biological problems are solved.
It has played a very important role in biological research for the last 500
years. It has contributed a lot to the progress of biology and up to the current advancement in all the biological fields.
Q.2. Enlist the main steps involved in solving a biological problem.
Answer:
In solving a biological problem, biologist takes following steps:
* Recognition of biological problem.
* Observations
* Hypothesis formulation
* Deductions
* Experimentation
* Summarization of results (create tables, graphs etc.)
* Reporting the results.
Q.3. How the observations are made?
Answer:
Observations are made using’ five senses such as vision, smell,. taste, hearing and touch.
Q.4. What is a hypothesis? Give characteristics of a good hypothesis.
Answer:
A scientist gives a statement based on his or other’s observations. Called a hypothesis. Tt is a proposition that might be true. A hypothesis should have the following characteristics:
* It should be a general statement.
* It should be a tentative idea.
* It should agree with available observations.
* It should be testable and potentially falsifiable. In other words, there should be a way to show the hypothesis is false, a way to disprove the hypothesis.
Q.5. Give some important observations of A. F. A. king about malaria.
Answer:
In 1883 a physician, A. F. A. King, listed 20 observations. Some important observations of King were:
* People who slept outdoors were more likely to get malaria than those who slept indoors.
* People who slept under fine nets were less likely to get malaria than those who did not use such nets.
* Individuals who slept near a smoky fire usually did not get malaria.
Q.6. Why the female mosquito injects saliva into the body of its host?
Answer:
A female mosquito pierces the skin and injects a small amount of saliva into the wound and then sucks the blood. This saliva prevents the blood from clotting of the wound site.
Q.7. How theories are made in biology?
Answer:
A hypothesis is subjected to rigrons experimentation ,and it survives in the test time i.e. never rejected or disproved, it becomes a theory, which is supported by a number of evidences.
Q.8. What is Bioinformatics and computational biology?
Answer:
Bioinformatics refers to the use of algorithms, computational and statistical techniques for the analysis of biological data while computational biology refers to hypothesis-driven investigation of a specific biological problem using computers.