{"id":2223,"date":"2020-07-24T15:22:51","date_gmt":"2020-07-24T15:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/?p=2223"},"modified":"2020-07-26T07:58:29","modified_gmt":"2020-07-26T07:58:29","slug":"unit-16-man-and-his-environment-short-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/unit-16-man-and-his-environment-short-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"Unit 16 Man and his Environment Short Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"
Unit 16 Man and his Environment Short Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n Q.1 What are the different levels of ecological organization?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.2 Define ecosystem and its components.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.3 How flow of energy is different from that of materials?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.4 Define food chain. Give one example<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.5 Define food web.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.6 What do you mean by the concept of 3 Rs with reference to the conservation of natural resources?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.7 Define Acid rains.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.8 What is ammonification?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.9 What is atmospheric nitrogen fixation?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.10 What are biogeochemical cycles.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.11 What is biological nitrogen fixation?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.12 Define Biosphere. <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.13 What is carbon cycle?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.14 What are carnivores? Write the types of carnivores.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.15 Define commensalism with examples.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.16 Differentiate between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.17 What are consumers?.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.18 What are decomposers?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.19 Define Deforestation and describe its causes.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.20 What is meant by denitrification?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.21 What is ecological pyramid?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.22 Define environment.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.23 What is eutrophication?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.24 What is Global Warming and describe its effects.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.25 Differentiate between intraspecific interactions and interspecific interactions.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.26 Define mutualism.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.27 What are natural resources?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.28 What is nitrification?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.29 What is nitrogen cycle?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.30 What is nitrogen fixation?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.31 What are non-renewable resources and renewable resources?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.32 What is overpopulation?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.33 Define phytoplankton?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.34 Define Pollution and pollutants.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.35 Define parasitism.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.36 What is predation?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.37 What are producers?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.38 Define pyramid of biomass.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.39 Define pyramid of numbers.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.40 Define symbiosis.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.41 Define Ecology.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.42 Define Species.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.43 Differentiate between Population and Community.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.44 Define Ecosystem<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.45 What are herbivores?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.46 What are omnivores?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.47 Define trophic level.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.48 Define pyramid of energy.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.49 What is meant by assimilation?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.50 What is parasite?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.51 Differentiate between ectoparasites and endoparasites.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.52 Define Urbanization.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.53 What are primary consumers? Give one example.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.54 Write four effects of air pollution.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.55 Define pollutants.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.56 What is noise? Write its Effects.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.57 What is green house effect?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.58 What is global warming?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.59 Differentiate between DHF and DSS.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.60 Define biomass?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.61 Define nutrient cycle?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n Q.62 What are the effects of denitrification?<\/a><\/span><\/a> Abiotic components<\/strong>
\nQ.1 What are the different levels of ecological organization?<\/strong>
\n Answer:<\/strong>
\nThe different levels of ecological organization are:
\n(i) species (ii) population (iii) community (iv) ecosystem (v) biosphere<\/a>
\nQ.2 Define ecosystem and its components.<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nThe self-sufficient unit of an environment that is formed as a result of interactions between its communities and the abiotic components is called ecosystem. Its components are:
\nBiotic components :<\/strong>
\nThe living parts of the environment. The non-living parts of the are called biotic components:
\nExamples:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
\nThe non-living parts of the are called abiotic components
\nExamples<\/strong>:
\n\u2022 Temperature
\n\u2022 Air
\n\u2022 Water
\n\u2022 Soil and Light<\/a>
\nQ.3 How flow of energy is different from that of materials?<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nThe flow of energy in different trophic levels of ecosystem is unidirectional while the flow of
\nmaterials is two directional. It flows from one trophic level to another by means of food chains and food web.<\/a>
\nQ.4 Define food chain. Give one example\u00a0<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nA food chain is a series of organisms within an ecosystem, in which each organism feeds on the one before it and is fed by one after it.
\nExample <\/strong>
\nGrass \u2192 Grasshopper \u2192 Sparrow \u2192 Hawk<\/a>
\nQ.5 Define food web.<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nIn nature, food chains are very complex, as an organism may be the food source of many other organisms. So there is a web like structure formed by these interlinked’ food chains. Such interconnected food chains collectively make food web.
\nOR
\nIt may also be defined as, \u201ca network of food chains which are interconnected at various trophic levels”.<\/a>
\nQ.6 What do you mean by the concept of 3 Rs with reference to the conservation of natural resources?<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nIt means Reduce, Reuse and Recycle the materials. Many materials such as paper, plastic, glass etc can be recycled. This decreases the volume of refuse and helps in the conservation of natural resources.<\/a>
\nQ.7 Define Acid rains.<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nCertain chemicals such as oxides of sulphur and nitrogen when react with water vapours in the presence of sunlight to form sulphuric acid and nitric acid. These acids remain as vapours at high temperatures. As temperature falls, the acids begin to condense into liquid form and mix with rain or snow, on the way down to the earth. This makes rain acidic with pH range of 3-6.<\/a>
\nQ.8 What is ammonification?<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nAmmonification is the breakdown of the proteins of dead organisms and nitrogenous wastes (urea, uric acid etc.) to ammonia. It is done by ammonifying bacteria.<\/a>
\nQ.9 What is atmospheric nitrogen fixation?<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nThunderstorms and lightning convert atmospheric gaseous nitrogen into nitrous acid and nitric acid. The acids in turn combine with other salts to produce \u2018nitrates’ this is called atmospheric nitrogen fixation.<\/a>
\nQ.10 What are biogeochemical cycles. (Board 2013-14)<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nBiogeochemical cycles are the cyclic pathways through which materials move from environment to organisms and back to the environment. e.g. carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle etc.<\/a>
\nQ.11 What is biological nitrogen fixation?<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nSome bacteria also have the ability to transform gaseous nitrogen into nitrates. It is called biological nitrogen fixation. Some of these nitrogen fixing bacteria live as symbionts and many are free living.<\/a>
\nQ.12 Define Biosphere.\u00a0<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nAll ecosystems of the world together form the biosphere. It includes all the ecosystems of the earth. In other words, the biosphere consists of all organisms present on the earth and all regions of the earth where they live. Biosphere ranges from the floor of oceans to the top of the highest mountains. It is about 20 km thick.<\/a>
\nQ.13 What is carbon cycle?<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nThe biogeochemical cycle in which carbon flows between organisms and the environment is called carbon cycle.<\/a>
\nQ.14 What are carnivores? Write the types of carnivores.<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nThose animals that feed upon other animals are called carnivores. Types of carnivores
\na) Primary carnivores<\/strong>
\nThose carnivores that feed upon herbivores are called primary carnivores. Examples
\nFox, frog, predatory birds, many fishes and snakes.
\nb) Secondary carnivores
\nThose carnivores that feed upon primary carnivores are called secondary carnivores. Examples
\nWolf and owl etc.
\nc) Tertiary carnivores<\/strong>
\nThose carnivores that feed upon secondary carnivores are called tertiary carnivores. They are
\nnot eaten by any other animals. So they are also called top carnivores.
\nExamples<\/strong>
\nLion, Tiger etc.<\/a>
\nQ.15 Define commensalism with examples.<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nIt is a type of symbiosis in which one partner is benefited while the other is neither benefited
\nnor harmed.
\nExample<\/strong>
\nEpiphytes are small plants found growing on other larger plants for space only. They absorb water and minerals from the atmosphere and prepare their own food. The larger plants are neither benefited nor harmed in any way.<\/a>
\nQ.16. Differentiate between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition.<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nIntraspecific competition: <\/strong>
\nThe competition between the members of the same species are called members of different species are called\u00a0 Intraspecific competition.
\nInterspecific competition:<\/strong>
\nThe competition between the members of the same species are called Interspecific competition<\/a>
\nQ. 17 What are consumers?<\/strong>
\nAnswer:<\/strong>
\nThese are the heterotrophs in an ecosystem. These organisms are unable to synthesize their food and so depend upon producers for food. The animals are the major consumers of all the ecosystems.
\n Examples <\/strong>
\nAnimals, Fungi, Protozoans and many of the Bacteria.<\/a>
\nQ.18 What are decomposers?<\/strong>