{"id":1706,"date":"2020-07-09T13:07:05","date_gmt":"2020-07-09T13:07:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/?p=1706"},"modified":"2020-07-09T14:30:57","modified_gmt":"2020-07-09T14:30:57","slug":"q-5-describe-urinary-system-of-humans-also-describe-the-structure-of-nephron","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/q-5-describe-urinary-system-of-humans-also-describe-the-structure-of-nephron\/","title":{"rendered":"Q.5 Describe urinary system of humans. Also describe the structure of nephron?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Q.5 Describe urinary system of humans. Also describe the structure of nephron?<\/strong>
\nAnswer: <\/strong>
\nUrinary system of Humans <\/strong>
\nThe excretory system of humans is also called the urinary system. It is formed of one pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra.
\nKidneys <\/strong>
\nKidneys filter blood to produce urine.
\nUreters <\/strong>
\nThe ureters carry urine from kidneys to urinary bladder.
\nBladder <\/strong>
\nThe bladder temporarily stores urine until it is released from body.
\nUrethra <\/strong>
\nUrethra is the tube that carries urine from urinary bladder to the outside of body.
\n\"urinary
\nStructure of kidney <\/strong>
\n(i) Colour and shape <\/strong>
\nKidneys are dark-red bean shaped organs.
\n(ii) Size <\/strong>
\nEach kidney is 10 cm long, 5cm wide and 4 cm thick.
\n(iii) Weight <\/strong>
\nEach kidney weighs about 27 grams.
\n(iv) Location <\/strong>
\nThey are placed against the back wall of abdominal cavity just below diaphragm, one on either side of vertebral column. They are protected by the last 2 ribs. The left kidney is a little higher than the right.
\n(v) Hilus <\/strong>
\nThe concave side of kidney faces vertebral column. There is a depression, called hilus, near the centre of the concave area of kidney. This is the area of kidney through which ureter leaves kidney and other structures including blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and leave kidney.
\n(vi) Renal cortex <\/strong>
\nThe longitudinal section of kidney shows two regions. Renal cortex is the outer part of kidney and it is dark in colour.
\n(vii) Renal medulla <\/strong>
\nRenal medulla is the inner part of kidney and is pale red in colour.
\n(viii) Pyramids <\/strong>
\nRenal medulla consists of several cone-shaped areas called renal pyramids.
\n(ix) Renal pelvis <\/strong>
\nRenal pyramids project into a funnel – shaped cavity called renal pelvis, which is the base of ureter.
\n\"kidney\"
\nStructure of nephron
\nThe functional unit of the kidney is called nephron. There are over one million nephrons in each kidney.
\nParts of Nephron
\nThere are two parts of a nephron:
\n1. Renal corpuscle
\n2. Renal tubule
\n1. Renal corpuscle <\/strong>
\nThe renal corpuscle is not tubular and has two parts:
\ni) Glomerulus <\/strong>
\nIt is a network of capillaries.
\n(ii) Bowman’s capsule <\/strong>
\nBowman’s capsule is a cup-shaped structure that encloses glomerulus.
\n\"nephran\"
\n2. Renal tubule <\/strong>
\nRenal tubule is the part of nephron which starts after Bowman’s capsule. It is sub – divided into following parts:
\n(i) Proximal convoluted tubule. <\/strong>
\nFirst portion of renal tubule is called proximal convoluted tubule.
\n(ii) Loop of Henle <\/strong>
\nNext portion is U-shaped and is called the loop of Henle..
\n(iii) Distal convoluted tubule <\/strong>
\nThe last portion of renal tubule is the distal convoluted tubule.
\n(iv) Collecting ducts and Papillary ducts <\/strong>
\nThe distal convoluted tubule of many nephrons open in a single collecting duct. Many collecting ducts join together to form several hundred papillary ducts which drain into renal pelvis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Q.5 Describe urinary system of humans. Also describe the structure of nephron? Answer: Urinary system of Humans The excretory system of humans is also called the urinary system. It is formed of one pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. Kidneys Kidneys filter blood to produce urine. Ureters The… Read More »Q.5 Describe urinary system of humans. Also describe the structure of nephron?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1706"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1712,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706\/revisions\/1712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}