{"id":1586,"date":"2020-07-02T06:58:28","date_gmt":"2020-07-02T06:58:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/?p=1586"},"modified":"2020-07-24T08:06:50","modified_gmt":"2020-07-24T08:06:50","slug":"unit-13-support-and-movement-short-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/unit-13-support-and-movement-short-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"Unit 13 Support And Movement Short Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"

Unit 13 Support And Movement Short Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n

Q.1 Identify the two types of co-ordination in living organisms.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.2 What do you mean by movement?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.3 How many types of movement are?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.4 What do you mean by locomotion?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.5 What is sternum?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.6 What do you know about osteoarthritis?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.7 What is Rheumatoid arthritis? Or Write down causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis, also give its two symptons.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.8 What do you mean by \u201cExoskeleton\u201d?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.9 What is skeleton? Define briefly.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.10 What do you mean by endoskeleton?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.11 What is the role of skeletal system?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.12 What do you know about bone and cartilage?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.13 Detine cartilage. Write names of its two types.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.14 What are the cells of cartilage called?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.15 Where the chondrocyte lies?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.16 How many types of cartilage are there?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.17 What are tendons and ligaments?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.18 What do you know about Hyaline cartilage?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.19 What is Elastic cartilage?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.20 What is fibrous cartilage?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.21 What is a Bone? <\/a><\/span>
\nQ.22 What are compact bones and spongy bones?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.23 What matter does bone contain?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.24 With how many bones babies are born.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.25 What are mature bone cells called?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.26 Who was Andreas Vesalius? What do you know about him?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.27 Who was Andreas Vesalius? What do you know about him?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.28 How many bones are present in axial skeleton? Give detail.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.29 How many bones are there in appendicular skeleton? <\/a><\/span>
\nQ.30 Describe upper and lower jaw in mammals and vertebrates?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.31 How mammals improve hearing?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.32 What is a joint?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.33 At which basis, joints can be classified?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.34 What do you know about immoveable or fixed joints? <\/a><\/span>
\nQ.35 What do you know about slightly moveable joints? <\/a><\/span>
\nQ.36 What do you know about moveable joints?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.37 What are the main types of moveable joints?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.38 Define Hinge joints and give one example.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.39 What are ball\u2013and\u2013socket joints?.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.40 What would have happened if neck joint were a ball-and-socket joint?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.41 What is the role of tendons and Ligaments tissues?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.42 Differentiate between origin and insertion of a skeletal muscle.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.43 What is the role of tendons and Ligaments tissues?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.44 What is meant by antagonism?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.45 What is meant by \u201cFlexor\u201d muscle and Flexion?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.46 What is meant by extensor muscle and extension?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.47 Which point of attachment is pulled when a muscle contracts?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.48 Describe briefly about osteoporosis?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.49 What is a function of estrogen?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.50 Describe Arthritis. Write the names of its types.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.51 Differentiate between cartilage and bone?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.52 What is the role of skeleton in support and movement?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.53 What are biceps and triceps?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.54 What is chondrocyte?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.55 What are cranial bones?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.56 What is Gout?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.57 Define Lacuna?<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.58 Define Osteocytes.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.59 Write down two disorders along with one reason of each of human skeletal.<\/a><\/span>
\nQ.59 Write down two disorders along with one reason of each of human skeletal.<\/a><\/span>
\n<\/a>
\nQ.1 Write the two characteristics of animals?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Movement and locomotion are the characteristics of animals.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.2 What do you mean by movement?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Movement is a general term meaning, the act of changing place or position by entire body or by
\nits parts.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.3 How many types of movement are?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

There are two types of movement:<\/p>\n

i. Movements of body parts<\/p>\n

ii. Locomotion<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.4 What do you mean by locomotion?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Locomotion is the movement of an animal as a whole from one place to another.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.5 What is sternum?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Chest bone is called sternum.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.6 What do you know about osteoarthritis?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

It is due to degeneration in cartilage present at joints or due to decrease in lubricant production
\nat joints. In this arthritis, fusion of the bones at joint may occur and joints may become totally
\nimmoveable.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.7 What is Rheumatoid arthritis? Or Write down causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis, also give its two symptons.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

It involves the inflammation of the membranes at joints. Its symptoms are fatigue, low grade
\nfever, pain and stiffness of joints.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.8 What do you mean by \u201cExoskeleton”?<\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The skeleton system of some invertebrates e.g. arthropods are at the outside of the body, and
\nare called exoskeleton.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.9 What is skeleton? Define briefly.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Skeleton system or skeleton is defined as the framework of hard, articulated structure that
\nprovides physical support, attachment for skeletal muscles and protection for the bodies of
\nanimals.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.10 What do you mean by endoskeleton?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Like other vertebrates, the human skeleton is on the inside of body and is called
\nendoskeleton.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.11 What is the role of skeletal system?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The big functions of skeletal system are protection, support and movement of a body.
\nSkeleton works very closely with the muscular system to help us in movement. Similarly skeleton also provides protection to many internal organs e.g. skull protects brain” and
\nvertebral column. It also provides the main support to our body mass.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q.12 What do you know about bone and cartilage?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ans. Bone and cartilage are types of connective tissues in animals. Most connective tissue contains
\ncollagen fibers in a matrix. Cartilage is dense clear firm connective tissue while bone is hardest connective tissues.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>13 <\/b>D<\/b>etin<\/b>e cartilage<\/b>. <\/b>Write <\/b>names <\/b>of <\/b>its <\/b>t<\/b>wo <\/b>ty<\/b>p<\/b>es<\/b>.<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

D<\/b>ef<\/b>ini<\/b>t<\/b>ion<\/b>:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Cartilage <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>dense<\/span>, <\/span>clear <\/span>blue<\/span>–<\/span>white <\/span>firm <\/span>connective <\/span>tissue <\/span>(<\/span>but <\/span>less <\/span>strong <\/span>than <\/span>bone<\/span>)<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

N<\/b>ames <\/b>of <\/b>two <\/b>types<\/b>: <\/b><\/p>\n

1<\/span>. <\/span>Hyaline <\/span>Cartilage\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

2<\/span>. <\/span>Elastic <\/span>Cartilage <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>14 <\/b>Wh<\/b>at <\/b>are <\/b>the <\/b>cells <\/b>of <\/b>cart<\/b>il<\/b>age <\/b>called<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>cells <\/span>of cartilage <\/span>are <\/span>called chondrocytes<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>15 <\/b>Where <\/b>the <\/b>chondrocyte <\/b>lies<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Each <\/span>chondrocyte <\/span>lies <\/span>in <\/span>a <\/span>fluid <\/span>space <\/span>called <\/span>lacuna<\/span>, <\/span>present <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>matrix <\/span>of <\/span>cartilage<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>16 <\/b>How <\/b>many <\/b>types <\/b>o<\/b>f <\/b>cartila<\/b>ge <\/b>are <\/b>there<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

There <\/span>are <\/span>three <\/span>types <\/span>of <\/span>cartilage<\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

i<\/span>. <\/span>Hyaline <\/span>cartilage<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

ii<\/span>. <\/span>Elastic <\/span>cartilage <\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

ii<\/span>i<\/span>. <\/span>Fibrous <\/span>cartilage <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>17 <\/b>What <\/b>are <\/b>tendons <\/b>and <\/b>l<\/b>igament<\/b>s<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tendons <\/span>and l<\/span>i<\/span>gaments <\/span>are <\/span>connective <\/span>tissues <\/span>that <\/span>contain <\/span>tightly <\/span>packed collagen <\/span>fibers<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tendons <\/span>are <\/span>tough <\/span>bands <\/span>and <\/span>attach <\/span>muscles <\/span>to <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span>Ligaments <\/span>are <\/span>flexible <\/span>bands <\/span>and <\/span>join\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

one <\/span>bone <\/span>to <\/span>another <\/span>at <\/span>joints<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q.18 What do you know about Hyaline cartilage?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hyaline <\/span>cartilage <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>strong <\/span>yet <\/span>flexible<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>found <\/span>covering <\/span>the <\/span>ends <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>long <\/span>bones<\/span>, <\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

the <\/span>nose<\/span>, <\/span>larynx<\/span>, <\/span>trachea <\/span>and <\/span>bronchial <\/span>tubes<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>19 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>Elastic <\/b>cartilage<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elastic <\/span>cartilage <\/span>is <\/span>similar <\/span>in <\/span>structure <\/span>to <\/span>hyaline <\/span>cartilage<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>also <\/span>quite <\/span>strong <\/span>but <\/span>has\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

elasticity <\/span>due <\/span>to <\/span>a <\/span>network <\/span>of <\/span>elastic <\/span>fibers <\/span>in <\/span>addition <\/span>to <\/span>collagen <\/span>fibers<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>found <\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

epiglottis<\/span>, <\/span>pinna <\/span>et<\/span>c<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>20 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>fibrous <\/b>cartilage<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fibrous <\/span>cartilage <\/span>is <\/span>very <\/span>tough <\/span>and <\/span>less <\/span>flexible <\/span>due <\/span>to <\/span>large <\/span>number <\/span>of <\/span>thick <\/span>collagen <\/span>fibers\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

present <\/span>in <\/span>knitted <\/span>form<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>found <\/span>in <\/span>intervertebral <\/span>dics<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>21 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>a <\/b>Bone<\/b>?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bone is <\/span>a <\/span>hardest <\/span>connective <\/span>tissue <\/span>in <\/span>body<\/span>. <\/span>Working Bones <\/span>not <\/span>only <\/span>move<\/span>, <\/span>support <\/span>and <\/span>protect <\/span>the <\/span>various <\/span>parts of <\/span>body <\/span>but <\/span>also <\/span>produce <\/span>red <\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

white <\/span>blood <\/span>cells <\/span>and <\/span>store <\/span>minerals<\/span>.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>2<\/b>2 <\/b>What <\/b>are <\/b>compact <\/b>bones <\/b>and <\/b>spongy <\/b>bones<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>hard <\/span>outer <\/span>layer <\/span>of <\/span>a <\/span>bone <\/span>is <\/span>called <\/span>compact <\/span>bone <\/span>while <\/span>the <\/span>interior <\/span>of <\/span>bone <\/span>is <\/span>soft <\/span>and\u00a0 <\/span>porous called <\/span>spon<\/span>gy <\/span>bone<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>23 <\/b>Wha<\/b>t <\/i><\/b>m<\/i><\/b>atter <\/b>does <\/b>bone <\/b>contain<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Spongy bone <\/span>contains <\/span>blood <\/span>vessels <\/span>and <\/span>bone <\/span>marrow<\/span>. <\/span>Matrix <\/span>of <\/span>bones <\/span>contain <\/span>collagen<\/span>, <\/span>calcium <\/span>and <\/span>phosphate<\/span>. <\/span>Bone <\/span>also <\/span>contain <\/span>different <\/span>types <\/span>of <\/span>cells<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>24 <\/b>With <\/b>how <\/b>many <\/b>bones <\/b>babies are <\/b>born<\/b>. <\/b><\/p>\n

Ans<\/span>. <\/span>Babies <\/span>are <\/span>born <\/span>with <\/span>about <\/span>300 <\/span>soft <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span>Some of <\/span>these <\/span>bones <\/span>later <\/span>fuse <\/span>together<\/span>, <\/span>so <\/span>the\u00a0 <\/span>adult <\/span>skeleton <\/span>has <\/span>206 <\/span>hard <\/span>bones<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Q<\/b>.<\/b>25 <\/b>What <\/b>are <\/b>mature <\/b>bone <\/b>cells <\/b>called<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>mature <\/span>bone <\/span>cells <\/span>are <\/span>called <\/span>osteocytes<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>26 <\/b>Who <\/b>was <\/b>Andreas <\/b>Vesalius<\/b>? What <\/b>d<\/b>o <\/i><\/b>you <\/b>know <\/b>about <\/b>him<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Andreas <\/span>Vesalius <\/span>is honoured <\/span>for <\/span>developing <\/span>modern anatomical <\/span>studies<\/span>. <\/span>He <\/span>was <\/span>born <\/span>in\u00a0<\/span>Brussels<\/span>, <\/span>Belgium<\/span>. <\/span>He <\/span>made <\/span>many <\/span>discoveries <\/span>in <\/span>anatomy <\/span>based <\/span>on <\/span>studies <\/span>made <\/span>by <\/span>dissection <\/span>of <\/span>human <\/span>dead <\/span>bodies<\/span>. <\/span>His <\/span>book <\/span>contained <\/span>the <\/span>most <\/span>accurate <\/span>depict<\/span>i<\/span>ons <\/span>of <\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>whole <\/span>skeleton <\/span>and <\/span>muscles <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>human <\/span>body<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/i><\/b>2<\/i><\/b>7 <\/b>What <\/b>are <\/b>the components <\/b>of <\/b>human <\/b>skeleton<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>206 <\/span>bones <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>adult <\/span>human <\/span>skeleton <\/span>are <\/span>organized <\/span>into <\/span>a <\/span>longitudinal <\/span>axis <\/span>i<\/span>.<\/span>e<\/span>. <\/span>axial\u00a0skeleton<\/span>, <\/span>to <\/span>which <\/span>appendicular <\/span>skeleton <\/span>is <\/span>attached<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>28 <\/b>How <\/b>many <\/b>bones <\/b>are <\/b>present <\/b>in <\/b>axial <\/b>s<\/b>kel<\/b>eton<\/b>? <\/b>Give <\/b>detail<\/b>. <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Axial <\/span>skeleton <\/span>consists <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>80 <\/span>bones <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>head <\/span>and <\/span>trunk <\/span>of <\/span>body<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>composed <\/span>of <\/span>five <\/span>parts:<\/p>\n

i<\/span>. <\/span>Skull <\/span>contains <\/span>22 <\/span>bones <\/span>out <\/span>of <\/span>which <\/span>8 <\/span>are <\/span>cranial <\/span>bones <\/span>(<\/span>enclosing <\/span>the <\/span>brain<\/span>) <\/span>and <\/span>14 <\/span>are\u00a0 <\/span>fac\u00edal <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

ii<\/span>. <\/span>There <\/span>are <\/span>6 <\/span>middle <\/span>ear <\/span>ossicles <\/span>(<\/span>3 <\/span>in <\/span>each <\/span>ear<\/span>)<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

iii<\/span>. <\/span>There <\/span>is <\/span>also <\/span>a <\/span>hyoid <\/span>bone <\/span>in <\/span>neck<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

iv<\/span>. <\/span>Vertebral <\/span>column <\/span>contains <\/span>33 <\/span>bones <\/span>(<\/span>vertebrae<\/span>)<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

v<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>chest <\/span>is <\/span>made <\/span>of <\/span>a <\/span>chest <\/span>bone <\/span>called <\/span>sternum <\/span>and <\/span>24 <\/span>(<\/span>12 <\/span>pairs<\/span>) <\/span>ribs<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>2<\/b>9 <\/b>How <\/b>many <\/b>bones <\/b>are <\/b>there <\/b>in <\/b>appendicular <\/b>skeleton<\/b>?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

i<\/span>. <\/span>Appendicular <\/span>skeleton <\/span>is <\/span>composed <\/span>of <\/span>126 <\/span>bone<\/span>s<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

i<\/span>i<\/span>. <\/span>Pectoral <\/span>(<\/span>shoulder<\/span>) <\/span>girdle <\/span>is <\/span>made <\/span>of <\/span>4 <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

iii<\/span>. <\/span>Arms <\/span>have <\/span>six <\/span>(<\/span>06<\/span>) <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

iv<\/span>. <\/span>Both <\/span>hands <\/span>have <\/span>54 <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

v<\/span>. <\/span>Pelvic <\/span>girdle <\/span>(<\/span>hips<\/span>) <\/span>has <\/span>2 <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span>T <\/span><\/p>\n

vi<\/span>. <\/span>Legs have <\/span>06 <\/span>bones<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

vii<\/span>. <\/span>Both <\/span>feet <\/span>have <\/span>54 <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>30 <\/b>Describe <\/b>upper <\/b>and <\/b>lower <\/b>jaw <\/b>in <\/b>mammal<\/b>s <\/b>and <\/b>vertebrates? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>upper <\/span>jaw <\/span>is <\/span>fixed <\/span>with <\/span>skull <\/span>and <\/span>is <\/span>composed <\/span>of <\/span>two <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>lower <\/span>jaw <\/span>is <\/span>mobile <\/span>and <\/span>articulates <\/span>with <\/span>the <\/span>skull<\/span>. <\/span>In <\/span>lower <\/span>vertebrates<\/span>, the <\/span>lower <\/span>jaw <\/span>is <\/span>made <\/span>up <\/span>of <\/span>more <\/span>than <\/span>one <\/span>bone\u00a0 <\/span>while <\/span>in <\/span>mammals <\/span>it <\/span>is <\/span>made <\/span>of <\/span>single <\/span>bone<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>31 <\/b>How <\/b>mammals <\/b>improve <\/b>hearing<\/b>? <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

During evolution, mammals modified the lower jaw bones and incorporated four of them into\u00a0 the middle ear (in the form of malleus and incus in both ears). This adaptation proved beneficial for mammals. Lower jaw with single bone is stronger and the malleus and incus also improve hearing,<\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>32 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>a <\/b>joint<\/b>?<\/span><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

A joint is the <\/span>location <\/span>at <\/span>which <\/span>two <\/span>or <\/span>more <\/span>bones <\/span>make <\/span>contact<\/span>. <\/span>They <\/span>allow <\/span>movement <\/span>and\u00a0 <\/span>pr<\/span><\/i>ovide <\/span>mechanical <\/span>support<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>33 At <\/b>which <\/b>basis<\/b>, <\/b>joints <\/b>can <\/b>be <\/b>classified<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Joints can <\/span>be <\/span>classified <\/span>on <\/span>the <\/span>basis <\/span>of <\/span>degree <\/span>of movement <\/span>they <\/span>allow<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>34 <\/b>What <\/b>do <\/b>you <\/b>know <\/b>about <\/b>immoveable <\/b>or <\/b>fixed <\/b>joints<\/b>?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Such <\/span>joints <\/span>allow <\/span>no <\/span>movements <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>g<\/span>. <\/span>the <\/span>joint <\/span>between <\/span>the <\/span>skull <\/span>bones<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q.35 What do you know about slightly moveable joints<\/strong>?<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Such <\/span>joints <\/span>allow <\/span>slight <\/span>movements <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>g<\/span>, <\/span>joints <\/span>between <\/span>the <\/span>vertebrae<\/span>.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>36 <\/b>What <\/b>do <\/b>you <\/b>kno<\/b>w <\/b>about <\/b>moveable <\/b>joints<\/b>?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

They <\/span>allow <\/span>a <\/span>variety <\/span>of <\/span>movements <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>g<\/span>. <\/span>shoulder <\/span>joint<\/span>, <\/span>hip <\/span>joint<\/span>, <\/span>elbow <\/span>joint<\/span>, <\/span>knee <\/span>joint <\/span>etc<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>37 <\/b>What <\/b>are <\/b>the <\/b>main <\/b>types <\/b>of <\/b>moveab<\/b>le <\/b>j<\/b>oints<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>main <\/span>types <\/span>of <\/span>moveable <\/span>joints <\/span>are<\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>i<\/span>) <\/span>Hinge <\/span>joints\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>ii<\/span>) <\/span>Ball<\/span>–<\/span>and<\/span>–<\/span>socket <\/span>joints <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>38 <\/b>Define <\/b>Hinge <\/b>joints <\/b>and <\/b>give <\/b>one <\/b>example<\/b>. <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hinge joints move back and forth like the hinge on a door and allow movements in one plane only. <\/b><\/p>\n

Example\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

The <\/span>knee <\/span>and <\/span>elbow <\/span>are <\/span>hinge <\/span>joints<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>39 <\/b>What <\/b>are <\/b>ball<\/b>–<\/b>and<\/b>–<\/b>socket <\/b>joints<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ball and <\/span>socket <\/span>joints <\/span>allow <\/span>movement <\/span>in <\/span>all <\/span>directions<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Example<\/b>:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Hip <\/span>and <\/span>Shoulder <\/span>joints<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q.<\/i>40 What would have happened if neck joint were a ball-and-socket joint<\/strong>?<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Then <\/span>we <\/span>can <\/span>move <\/span>freely <\/span>our <\/span>neck <\/span>in <\/span>all <\/span>directions<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>41 <\/b>W<\/b>hat <\/b>is <\/b>the <\/b>role <\/b>of <\/b>tendons <\/b>and <\/b>Ligaments <\/b>tissues<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Role <\/b>of <\/b>Tendons\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Tendons <\/span>are <\/span>tough <\/span>bands <\/span>and <\/span>attach <\/span>muscles <\/span>to <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span>When <\/span>a <\/span>muscle <\/span>contracts<\/span>, <\/span>tendon <\/span>exerts <\/span>a <\/span>pulling <\/span>force <\/span>on <\/span>the <\/span>attached <\/span>bone<\/span>, <\/span>which <\/span>moves <\/span>as <\/span>a <\/span>result<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Role of Ligaments\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ligaments <\/span>are <\/span>strong <\/span>but <\/span>flexible <\/span>bands <\/span>and <\/span>join <\/span>one <\/span>bone <\/span>to <\/span>another <\/span>at <\/span>joints<\/span>. <\/span>They <\/span>prevent <\/span>dislocation <\/span>of <\/span>bones <\/span>at <\/span>joints<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>4<\/b>2 <\/b>Differentiate between <\/b>origin <\/b>and <\/b>insert<\/b>ion <\/b>of <\/b>a <\/b>skeletal <\/b>muscle<\/b>. <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Origin\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

One <\/span>end <\/span>of <\/span>a <\/span>skeletal <\/span>muscle <\/span>is <\/span>always <\/span>attached <\/span>with <\/span>some <\/span>immoveable <\/span>bone<\/span>. <\/span>This <\/span>end <\/span>of <\/span>muscle <\/span>is <\/span>called <\/span>as <\/span>origin<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Insertion\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

The <\/span>other <\/span>end <\/span>of <\/span>muscle <\/span>which <\/span>is <\/span>attached <\/span>with <\/span>a <\/span>moveable <\/span>bone <\/span>is <\/span>called <\/span>as <\/span>insertion<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>43 <\/b>What <\/b>do <\/b>you <\/b>know <\/b>about <\/b>“<\/b>Antagonists<\/b>\u201d<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Skeletal <\/span>muscles <\/span>are <\/span>usually <\/span>in <\/span>pairs <\/span>of <\/span>antagonists<\/span>. <\/span>In <\/span>an <\/span>antagonistic <\/span>pair<\/span>, <\/span>both <\/span>muscles <\/span>do <\/span>opposite jobs<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>44 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>meant <\/b>by <\/b>antagonism<\/b>?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

When <\/span>one <\/span>muscle <\/span>contracts<\/span>, <\/span>the <\/span>other <\/span>relaxes <\/span>and <\/span>this <\/span>phenomenon <\/span>is <\/span>known <\/span>as <\/span>antagonism<\/span>.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>45 What <\/b>is <\/b>meant <\/b>by <\/b>\u201c<\/b>Flexor<\/b>” <\/b>muscle <\/b>and <\/b>Flexion<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

When <\/span>a <\/span>muscle <\/span>contracts <\/span>and <\/span>bends <\/span>a <\/span>joint<\/span>, <\/span>it <\/span>is <\/span>known <\/span>as <\/span>flexor <\/span>muscle <\/span>and <\/span>the <\/span>movement <\/span>is <\/span>called <\/span>as <\/span>flexion<\/span>. <\/span>Biceps <\/span>is <\/span>an <\/span>example <\/span>of <\/span>flexor <\/span>muscle<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>4<\/b>6 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>mean<\/b>t <\/b>by <\/b>extensor <\/b>muscle <\/b>and <\/b>extension<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

When <\/span>a <\/span>muscle <\/span>contracts <\/span>and <\/span>straightens <\/span>the <\/span>joint<\/span>, <\/span>it <\/span>is <\/span>known <\/span>as <\/span>extensor <\/span>muscle <\/span>and <\/span>the <\/span>movement <\/span>is <\/span>called <\/span>extension<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Example\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Triceps <\/span>is <\/span>an <\/span>examp<\/span>l<\/span>e <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>extensor <\/span>muscle<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>47 <\/b>Which <\/b>point <\/b>of <\/b>attachmen<\/b>t <\/b>is <\/b>pu<\/b>lled <\/b>when <\/b>a <\/b>muscle contracts<\/b>?<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

When <\/span>muscle <\/span>contracts<\/span>, <\/span>it <\/span>pulls <\/span>the <\/span>moveable <\/span>bone <\/span>(<\/span>at insertion<\/span>).<\/span>‘<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>48 <\/b>D<\/b>escribe <\/b>briefly <\/b>about <\/b>osteoporosis<\/b>?<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Osteoporosis <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>disorder <\/span>of skeletal <\/span>system<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>bone <\/span>disease <\/span>in <\/span>adults<\/span>, <\/span>especially <\/span>in <\/span>old <\/span>people<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>more <\/span>common <\/span>in <\/span>ol<\/span>d <\/span>women<\/span>. <\/span>In <\/span>osteoporosis<\/span>, <\/span>there <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>decrease <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>density <\/span>of <\/span>bones <\/span>due <\/span>to <\/span>loss <\/span>of <\/span>calcium <\/span>and <\/span>phosphorus<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>49 <\/b>W<\/b>hat <\/b>is <\/b>a <\/b>funct<\/b>ion <\/b>of <\/b>estrogen<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>function <\/span>of <\/span>estrogen <\/span>is <\/span>to <\/span>deposit <\/span>minerals <\/span>in <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span>When <\/span>the <\/span>reproductive <\/span>cycle <\/span>stops <\/span>in <\/span>females<\/span>, <\/span>not <\/span>enough <\/span>estrogen <\/span>is <\/span>secreted<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>50 <\/b>Describe <\/b>Arthritis<\/b>. <\/b>Write <\/b>the <\/b>names <\/b>of <\/b>its <\/b>types<\/b>. <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Arthritis <\/span>means <\/span>“<\/span>inflammation <\/span>in <\/span>joints<\/span>\u201d<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>also <\/span>very <\/span>common <\/span>in <\/span>old <\/span>age <\/span>and <\/span>in <\/span>women<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Symptoms <\/b><\/p>\n

Pain <\/span>and <\/span>stiffness <\/span>in <\/span>joints <\/span>particularly <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>weight <\/span>bearing <\/span>joints <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>g<\/span>. <\/span>hip <\/span>and <\/span>ankle <\/span>joints<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Treatment <\/b><\/p>\n

Pain <\/span>killer <\/span>and <\/span>anti<\/span>–<\/span>inflammatory <\/span>medicines <\/span>are <\/span>supposed <\/span>to <\/span>d<\/span>ecrease <\/span>the <\/span>symptoms<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Types <\/b><\/p>\n

i<\/span>. <\/span>Osteo<\/span>–<\/span>arthritis <\/span><\/p>\n

ii<\/span>. <\/span>Rheumatoid <\/span>arthritis <\/span><\/p>\n

iii<\/span>. <\/span>Gout\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>5<\/b>1 <\/b>Di<\/b>fferentiate <\/b>between <\/b>cartilage <\/b>and <\/b>bone<\/b>?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cartilage <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>dense <\/span>clear<\/span>, <\/span>blue <\/span>white<\/span>, <\/span>firm <\/span>connective <\/span>tissues<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>found <\/span>covering <\/span>important\u00a0<\/span>body <\/span>parts<\/span>. <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>g<\/span>., <\/span>nose<\/span>, <\/span>epiglottis<\/span>, <\/span>trachea <\/span>etc<\/span>. <\/span>Bones <\/span>are <\/span>the <\/span>hard <\/span>connective <\/span>tissue <\/span>providi<\/span>ng\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

movement<\/span>, <\/span>support <\/span>and <\/span>protection <\/span>to <\/span>various <\/span>body <\/span>parts<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>. <\/b>52 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>the <\/b>role <\/b>of <\/b>skeleton <\/b>in <\/b>support <\/b>and <\/b>movement<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

Skeleton <\/span>provides <\/span>protection <\/span>to <\/span>internal <\/span>organs <\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>g<\/span>. <\/span>skull <\/span>protects <\/span>brain <\/span>and <\/span>support <\/span>to <\/span>body <\/span>mass and can move <\/span>the <\/span>body <\/span>by <\/span>muscles<\/span>.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>53 <\/b>What <\/b>are <\/b>biceps <\/b>and <\/b>triceps<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Biceps is a flexor muscle on the front of the upper arm bone while Triceps is an extensor muscle on the back of arm.<\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>5<\/b>4 <\/b>What <\/b>is <\/b>chondrocyte<\/b>? <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>cells <\/span>of <\/span>cartilage <\/span>are <\/span>called <\/span>chondrocyte<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>55 <\/b>What <\/b>are cranial <\/b>bone<\/b>s<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>bones <\/span>which enclose <\/span>the <\/span>brain <\/span>are <\/span>called <\/span>cranial <\/span>bones<\/span>. <\/span>They <\/span>are <\/span>e<\/span>i<\/span>ght <\/span>in <\/span>number<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>5<\/b>6 <\/b>W<\/b>hat <\/b>is <\/b>G<\/b>out<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Ans<\/span>: <\/span>It <\/span>is <\/span>characterized <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>accumulation <\/span>of <\/span>uric <\/span>acid <\/span>crystals <\/span>in <\/span>moveable <\/span>joint<\/span>s<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>generally <\/span>attacks <\/span>the <\/span>toe <\/span>joints<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>57 <\/b>Def<\/b>in<\/b>e <\/b>Lacuna<\/b>? <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cells of <\/span>cartilage <\/span>(<\/span>chondrocytes<\/span>) <\/span>lies <\/span>in <\/span>a <\/span>f<\/span>l<\/span>uid <\/span>space <\/span>called <\/span>lacuna<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q<\/b>.<\/b>58 <\/b>Define <\/b>Osteoc<\/b>ytes<\/b>, <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>mature <\/span>bone <\/span>cells <\/span>are <\/span>called <\/span>osteocytes<\/span>. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Q.59 Write down two disorders along with one reason of each of human skeletal<\/strong>. <\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The <\/span>disorders <\/span>of <\/span>human <\/span>skeletal <\/span>system <\/span>are<\/span>: <\/span><\/p>\n

1<\/b>. <\/b>Osteoporosis<\/b>: <\/b><\/p>\n

It <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>bone <\/span>disease<\/span>. <\/span>In <\/span>it<\/span>, <\/span>there <\/span>is <\/span>a <\/span>decrease <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>density <\/span>of <\/span>bones <\/span>due <\/span>to <\/span>loss <\/span>of <\/span>calcium <\/span>and <\/span>phosphorus<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

2<\/b>. <\/b>Osteoarthritis<\/b>: <\/b><\/p>\n

It <\/span>is <\/span>d\u0173e <\/span>to <\/span>degeneration <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>cartilage <\/span>present <\/span>at <\/span>joints <\/span>or <\/span>due <\/span>to <\/span>decreased <\/span>lubricant <\/span>production <\/span>at <\/span>joints<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Unit 13 Support And Movement Short Questions Q.1 Identify the two types of co-ordination in living organisms. Q.2 What do you mean by movement? Q.3 How many types of movement are? Q.4 What do you mean by locomotion? Q.5 What is sternum? Q.6 What do you know about osteoarthritis? Q.7 What is Rheumatoid arthritis? Or… Read More »Unit 13 Support And Movement Short Questions<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1586"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1586"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2221,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1586\/revisions\/2221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/murreeroad.org\/Biology10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}